Monetary policy strategy
The primary objective of the Eurosystem, which consists of the ECB and the national central banks of EU Member States that have adopted the euro, is to maintain price stability. Monetary policy’s best contribution to general well-being, in particular to high economic growth and employment, is the maintenance of price stability over the medium term.
The objective of the Eurosystem is to maintain inflation at 2% over the medium term. The decisions in meeting this objective are taken by the Governing Council on the basis of its monetary policy strategy, and are implemented within its operational framework. The primary monetary policy instrument is the set of ECB policy rates. In recognition of the effective lower bound on policy rates, as appropriate, other instruments are used, particular forward guidance, asset purchases and longer-term refinancing operations.
The approach to organising, evaluating and cross-checking the information relevant for assessing the risks to price stability is based on a two-pillar strategy, consisting of economic analysis and the monetary and financial analysis. Within this framework, the economic analysis focuses on real and nominal economic developments, whereas the monetary and financial analysis examines monetary and financial indicators, with a focus on the operation of the monetary transmission mechanism and the possible risks to medium-term price stability from financial imbalances and monetary factors. The pervasive role of macro-financial linkages in economic, monetary and financial developments requires that the interdependencies across the two analyses are fully incorporated.
In the future, the design of monetary policy will also take into account the aspect of climate change and its consequences in ensuring the primary inflation target.
More about monetary policy strategy is published on the ECB's website.